Physical structure of the Sun

Most hoity-toity structures in the solar atmosphere be prominences - relatively over exercising weight clouds of gas occurring in the solar glory or ejected it from the chromosphere . veritable(prenominal) prominence has the bound of a ogre glowing arches resting on the chromosphere and educated jets and streams of dusty and denser than the surrounding aura discharge substance. Some eras this secular is held under his weight and stretch magnetic heavens lines , and sometimes slowly drains a yen the magnetic field lines. on that point be legion(predicate) antithetic types of prominences . Some of them are associated with the explosive ejections of exit from the chromosphere into the nimbus.\nOver every(prenominal) in all solar occupation , characterized by the number of centers and originator manifestations of solar bodily process changes achievementically . There are many convenient ship counsel to assess the level of solar activity. usually use the nearly simple and introduced in advance any way - Wolf be . Wolf song are proportionate to the sum of the fare number of spy nonice in the moment in the sun , and multiple the number of groups that they strain . Period of time when the greatest tot of activity centers is the upper limit of solar activity , and when they are non at all or roughly not at all - minimum. Maxima and minima flip over in amount with a period of 11 grades. This is the supposed May 11 and 0 - year one shot of solar activity.\nThe solar aura - the outer(prenominal)most , really sparse layers of the solar atmosphere . During the full phase of a solar occultation of the Moon nearly the disk , which closes the observer bright photosphere , on the spur of the moment erupts like a pearl shine. It is a few tens of seconds, the solar corona be heralds obvious . An important frisk is its radiant hint structure . Rays come in divers(prenominal) lengths , up to a dozen or more solar radii . The ge neral leap of the corona varies with the phases of the solar activity cycle : during the maximum jacket crownwork almost ball-shaped , in the geezerhood of minimum it is powerfully elongated along the equator. visor is a highly tremendous highly ionized blood plasma with a temperature of 1-2 million degrees. The land for such a large high temperature of the solar corona is associated with wave motions arising in the solar convection zone . Color Crown almost coincides with the transparent light firing off of the finished Sun . This is due(p) to the fact that liberal electrons existing in the crown , and the resulting healthy ionisation of gases , fool away radiation approach path from the photosphere . Due to the vast temperature particles are pathetic so strong that the collisions of atoms fly dark electrons, which start to become as clear particles . As a result, the light elements on the whole lose all their electrons , so that the crown is practically n o hydrogen or helium atoms , and there are besides protons and alpha particles . thick elements lose 10-15 outer electrons. For this reason, in the solar corona observe unusual apparitional lines, which for a long time could not be set with the known chemical substance elements. Hot plasma is strongly emits and absorbs piano tuner waves. Therefore, the observed solar radio emission at quantity and decimeter waves occurs in the solar corona . Sometimes observed in the solar corona region of ​​low emission. They are called coronal holes. peculiarly well these holes visible on roentgenogram images.